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Break-even Formula

Understand the relationship between price, variable cost, fixed costs and volume. Apply it instantly in case interviews.

Core Equation

Break-even units = Fixed Costs / (Price − Variable Cost)

At break-even, total profit is zero: Revenue − Variable Costs − Fixed Costs = 0. Rearranging gives volume in units.

Worked Example

A product sells for $20. Variable cost is $8. Fixed costs are $60,000. What volume is needed to break even?

Break-even = 60,000 / (20 − 8) = 5,000 units

Sensitivity

Higher price or lower variable cost lowers break-even units. Use this to compare pricing or efficiency options during cases.

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